CAV1 and Right ventricular hypertrophy: Similarly, another study found that Cav-1 deficient mice displayed dilated left ventricles and right ventricular hypertrophy (Zhao et al., 2002), and in mice that had undergone left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, those lacking Cav-1 failed to increase β-adrenergic receptor density, leading to reduced cAMP production, PKA phosphorylation and survival (Jasmin et al., 2011).