TNF and mantle cell lymphoma: At the genetic level in humans, alleles encoding TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-6, CXCR1, and CCL2/MCP1 were associated with an increased relative risk of MCL (Cabrera et al., 1995; Nashleanas et al., 1998; Castellucci et al., 2006, 2010; Ramasawmy et al., 2010).