TNF and mantle cell lymphoma: In this archetypal MCL, increased levels of TNF-α, CXCL10, and CCL4 within a mixed intra-lesional Th1/Th2 response, results in an emphasized cytotoxic T cell activity, which may underlie the localized tissue damage and development secondary lesions that characterize the pathology of MCL (Pirmez et al., 1993; Faria et al., 2005; Gaze et al., 2006; Vargas-Inchaustegui et al., 2010).