CXCR4 and age-related macular degeneration: Recently, the related fibulin-5 has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and migration of choroidal endothelial cells and downregulates mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFB1), thus implicating fibulin-5 in choroidal neovascularization and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) [30].