The receptor appears to act directly by promoting neutrophil trafficking from the blood into the kidney, but not until the late phase of the infection when it is turned on selectively by blood neutrophils and when most of its ligands Ccl3, Ccl5, Ccl6, Ccl7, Ccl8 and Ccl9 are expressed at high levels in the kidney. The gene discussed is CCL5; the disease is infection.