Recently, it was shown that monomeric Aβ degradation by primary cultured macrophages and microglia was significantly impaired by HIV infection due to an impairment in NEP endopeptidase activity, probably caused by the diminished transport of NEP to the cell surface and intracellular accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and in lysosomes [117]. This evidence concerns the gene MME and HIV infectious disease.