PNPLA3 and metabolic syndrome: In the whole series of subjects without CHC (Table 5), low adiponectin levels (lower than 6 μg/ml, median value in controls) were associated with the presence of NAFLD, age, male gender, BMI, dyslipidemia, ALT, insulin levels, PNPLA3 I148M alleles (p = 0.01), and ADIPOQ genotype (p = 0.009).