Epidemiological observations supporting a role for LDL uptake and HDL-mediated efflux in the pathogenesis of DM2 have been supported by in vitro studies showing that addition of LDL to isolated human and rat islets decreases glucose stimulated insulin secretion and is attributed to cholesterol uptake by LDL receptors on the β-cell [20]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is myotonic dystrophy type 2.