The present study showed that effector CD8+ T cell subsets and CD8+ T cells expressing CX3CR1/CXCR1 were induced in hNOK/B51Tg mice after an infection with HIV-1, indicating that the T cell responses to an HIV-1 infection in hNOK/B51Tg mice are similar to those found in patients with an acute HIV-1 infection. The gene discussed is CX3CR1; the disease is HIV-1 infection.