Recently, it has been demonstrated that antibodies specific to a fusion protein containing the V1 and V2 regions of gp120 (gp70-V1V2) correlated inversely with the risk of HIV-1 infection in the RV144 phase III trial and preliminary epitope mapping has identified this region (in/around aa 164–178 of V2) as the site of both polyclonal and monoclonal binding [36], [46], [47]. This evidence concerns the gene EMB and HIV-1 infection.