Previous studies have focused on genes and pathways related to carcinogenesis and tumor progression, namely, tumor oncogenes (TMEFF2, HPP1, and PGR), tumor suppressor genes (TIG1, APC, RASSF1A, and DAPK), cell cycle-related genes (P16INK4, 14-3-3δ, GSTP1, p15, p16, RAR-β, and SEPT9), cell adhesion molecules (CDH1 and CDH13), cell proliferation-related genes (ESR1, MYOD, and PTGS2), tissue invasion- and metastasis-related genes (TIMP3 and E-cadherin), and others (hMLH1, NGFR, AR, MGMT, HLTF, and TPEE). Here, TMEFF2 is linked to neoplasm.