It raises the possibility that Wnt7B and Wnt5A, along with TGF-β, SPARC, and tenascin-C, work in some coordinated or concerted fashion to modulate fibroblast/myofibroblast activities in adjacent and/or different anatomic regions of IPF lungs. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.