Whilst administration of IGF-1 to osteoporosis patients has little positive effect on bone density (Friedlander et al., 2001), osteoblasts isolated from osteoporotic donors have an attenuated PI3K/AKT response to IGF-1, suggesting that IGF-1R responsiveness may play a role in osteoporosis (Perrini et al., 2008). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is osteoporosis.