In addition, these studies have shown that OBI and HBV S-escape mutant infections may be identified in anti-HBc-positive samples (approximately 50 % of which also carrying anti-HBs) but also in rare cases of anti-HBs without the presence of anti-HBc, as has been described in vaccinated and nonvaccinated blood donors [66, 73]. Here, KRT88P is linked to infection.