Thalassemias and hemoglobin E (HbE) are the second most common, occurring at a high frequency in Mediterranean area, Middle East, Central Asia, Indian Subcontinent, Southern China (β thalassemia) and in Middle East, Indian Sub Continent, South East Asia and parts of Mediterranean region (α thalassemia and HbE) [5,6]. This evidence concerns the gene HBE1 and thalassemia.