Combined with our previous data [18], the current study suggests that PSMA likely regulates both retinal and tumor angiogenesis via the same or similar mechanisms, by enhancing adhesion and activation of Beta-1 integrin and increasing its associated FAK signaling, thus contributing to endothelial cell responses to angiogenic signals in a manner independent of VEGF signal transduction. Here, ITGB1 is linked to neoplasm.