In 5 cases, the experimental interventions worsened both outcomes (sleep and abdominal pain, n = 3 [cholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer’s disease [35], naltrexone for alcohol dependence [36], sertraline for depression [37]]; sleep and headache, n = 1 [cholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer’s disease [35]]; and sleep and pelvic pain, n = 1 [goserelin versus oral contraceptives for pain associated with endometriosis [38]]), whereas in 1 situation it improved both sleep and musculoskeletal pain (ozzlo pillow for preventing and treating pelvic and back pain in pregnancy [39]). This evidence concerns the gene BCHE and alcohol dependence.