LEP and Autoimmunity: The significantly increased IFN-γ expression of female CBMC or T-cells when cultured with rleptin, indicate that high leptin levels in the neonate may create a Th1 polarization that, in females, may contribute to a propensity to develop T-cell-mediated autoimmunity later in life, as others have shown for hormones [53] or the expression levels of the nuclear receptor peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-α in T-cells [54].