Our data demonstrate that taking a full family history can provide potentially important indicators for risk for SPTB, as a strong family history of low birth weight babies was the strongest risk factor with odds exceeding 5 (albeit present in just over 1% of the whole cohort) for SPTB-IM, while a positive family history in the mother for preeclampsia and any type of diabetes more than doubled the risk. Here, SPTB is linked to preeclampsia.