It also inhibits the secretion of IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor triggered by the binding of MM cells to BM stromal cells and inhibits BM angiogenesis by exerting a direct inhibitory effect on endothelial cells.(25) Bortezomib has undergone a remarkable transition from bench to bedside; a phase II study of bortezomib revealed a 35% response rate with manageable toxicity, and bortezomib was then approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM in 2003.(45). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is Miyoshi myopathy.