CD4 and HIV infectious disease: While patients in sub-Saharan Africa currently initiate ART at a median CD4 cell count below 140 cells/μl [15] (which is substantially lower than the typical CD4 count eligibility thresholds of 200 cells/μl or 350 cells/μl), patients in successful TasP programs would initiate ART soon after first diagnosis of HIV infection (which ideally would occur soon after HIV infection).