Overall, the data clearly show the importance of F-actin, microtubules, and myosin Va during the interactions between macrophages and L. braziliensis. Furthermore, the observations of the changes in the production of NO, IL-10, and TNF-α suggest that modulation of the cytoskeleton could be a mechanism for L. braziliensis to overcome the natural responses of macrophages and establish an infection. This evidence concerns the gene MYO5A and infection.