Hence, we sought to determine whether AF cells retain CX43 expression and functional gap junctions in cocultures with cortical cells, in particular, with cortical progenitors and astrocytes which are known to express high levels of Cx43 [46] (Figures 3(a)-3(b)) and 3(c)–3(f), resp). Here, GJA1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.