HPSE and neoplasm: Heparanase is an endoglycosidase that degrades heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan, leading to the loss of basement membrane integrity and the release of heparan sulfate–bound angiogenic and growth-promoting factors [23], which subsequently stimulate tumor blood vessel growth, cellular invasion, migration, adhesion, metastasis, differentiation, and proliferation [24–26].