In spite of the presence of oncogenic Kras in ASPC-1 cells, the concomitant targeting of EGFR and TGF-β provided an effective therapeutic strategy in these cells, suggesting that targeting two key upstream events in PDAC may overcome therapeutic resistance engendered by oncogenic Kras in some pancreatic cancer cells. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.