In addition, the nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2 (NRF2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) have all been shown to be influenced by miRNAs in AML cells, and have been suggested to play a role in AML chemo-resistance [4]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.