To further characterise the impact of a systemic bacterial infection on the brain, we examined coronal sections between 1.8 and 2 mm posterior to bregma for a range of molecules typically expressed on activated endothelium (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MHCI, MHCII) or microglia/macrophages (CD68, CD11b, MHCI, MHCII) at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days following infection with SL3261. This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and infection.