Topical use of GM-CSF on mucositis reduced the duration of healing time via suppressing inflammatory reaction and proliferating epithelia.[20] Tozaki et al. showed that chitosan capsules were useful carriers in colon-specific delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs such as 5-ASA and the healing of TNBSinduced colitis in rats.[27] Treatment with ECP antibody was shown to improve DSS-induced colitis in rats, probably because of increased regenerative activity of the colonic epithelium and downregulation of the immune response. Here, CSF2 is linked to colitis.