To address this issue, we analyzed in normal human urothelial (NHU) cells grown in culture under regenerating and differentiating conditions [27], [28] and in 7 established bladder cancer cell lines (without stromal cells) the expression of the 13 genes found to be up-regulated in the FGFR3-non-mutated and mutated tumor pathways: CAV1, ITGA5, KIF20A, LEPRE1, MICAL1, MICAL2, RAB23, RAB31, RABAC1, SDC1, STXBP1, TMEM22 and ZWINT (Table 2 and Table 3). Here, ITGA5 is linked to urinary bladder carcinoma.