More recently, anti-AQP4 antibodies have been found also in a subset of patients with isolated transverse myelitis [5], patients with isolated optic neuritis [16], [6], [7], and patients with NMOSD and co-existing CTD [8]–[10], leading to an increase in the number of clinical conditions that require testing for anti-AQP4 antibodies. The gene discussed is AQP4; the disease is transverse myelitis.