The first Genome-wide association (GWA) study searching for such genetic factors identified the PNPLA3 gene as a major genetic determinant for the predisposition to NAFLD in Hispanic, African American and European American populations according to liver fat contents [10], which was subsequently confirmed in Europeans and Asians according to liver biopsy. The gene discussed is PNPLA3; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.