Given the abundance of NK cells in the placentas of pregnant women, the biological relevance of the different roles of NK cells in the hosts' immune responses to PM and HIV infections, the role of KIR polymorphism in regulating NK function and the involvement of KIRs in malaria infection in non-pregnant women, the aim of this study was to determine whether KIR gene content polymorphism was associated with protection or susceptibility to PM infection in pregnant women of known HIV-1 status. Here, KIR3DL1 is linked to HIV infectious disease.