The mutant IRES shows greatly increased affinity for at least two of the ITAFs (PTB1 and Yb1) known to bind the c-Myc IRES element [84], and elevated expression of c-Myc in MM cell lines correlates with the expression of these proteins, rather than the levels of c-Myc mRNA [85]. Here, MYC is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.