Notably, while the pattern of response may be similar for genes within one subset, the direction of change by diet, or by diabetes, can be different: for example, among the genes responsive to diet in both metabolic states but to diabetes only with breeder diet, Kcnk2 and Mmp13 expression levels are reduced by breeder diet, and increased by diabetes with the breeder diet. Here, MMP13 is linked to diabetes mellitus.