APOE and atherosclerosis: The impact of LRP1 dysfunction on cardiovascular disease likely extends beyond effects on the lipoprotein metabolism, as apoE mediates its inhibitory signals on SMC migration in part via LRP1 [17] and because other signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis, like Liver X Receptor-mediated gene transcription, are also regulated through LRP1 [18], [19] Recently, two studies showed that LRP1 is important for limiting macrophage apoptosis and inflammatory monocytosis in atherosclerotic lesions likely independent from apoE [20], [21].