Many of the proteins that have been identified so far, as oxidatively modified in the brain of AD patients and MCI subjects, are either mitochondrial proteins or proteins that are known to interact with mitochondria; these include glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase-alpha chain, beta-actin and/or aconitase [18, 30–32]. This evidence concerns the gene GAPDH and Alzheimer disease.