CCN1 and breast carcinoma: On the other hand, while CCN1 is known to adopt different receptors to diversify its signaling in the same tissue, as best exemplified in fibroblasts, where it induces cell adhesion through α6β1 and heparan sulfate proteoglycans, cell migration through αvβ5, and cell proliferation through αvβ3 [15], it was also shown to activate both NF-κB [16] and MAPK signaling [17] in breast cancer cells through the same receptor, namely αvβ3.