TGFB1 and gastric cancer: Two different studies [69, 70] confirmed that GC cell can induce Tregs development via TGF-β1 production; in particular the level of serum TGF-β1 in GC patients (15.1 ± 5.5 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that of the gender- and age-matched healthy controls (10.3 ± 3.4 ng/mL).