This restricts the list of candidates genes for the cardiac defects to a few genes, namely Sod1, Tiam1 and unknown predicted genes such as Gm10789 or Gm2771 that are trisomic in Dp16(2)Yey mice which display CHD but are only in two copies in the Ts1Cje, Dp(16)1Yey/Df(16)2Yey, and Ts65Dn/Ms5Yah models. The gene discussed is TIAM1; the disease is coronary artery disorder.