When both anti-GRP78 autoantibody and AFP (either >100 ng/ml or >200 ng/ml) were simultaneously used as diagnostic markers, 45 (71.4%, AFP >100 ng/ml) and 43 of 63 HCC sera (68.3%, AFP >200 ng/ml) were positive, respectively. Here, HSPA5 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.