VEGFA and neoplasm: Tumor hypoxia influences cytokines and growth factors such as Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b), stromal cell- derived factor-1 (SDF-1), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), which have consistently been shown to directly impact tumor behavior [2–5].