Targeting L1CAM using lentiviral-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference in CD133-positive glioma cells inhibits growth and neurosphere formation of glioma stem cells and induces their apoptosis, by regulating Olig2 expression with associated changes in the downstream effectors, p21WAF1/CIP1  [64]. The gene discussed is OLIG2; the disease is central nervous system cancer.