TGFA and malignant colon neoplasm: FETα cells have aberrant EGFR activation via TGFα over-expression resulting in formation of invasive primary colon cancer (Figure 1A), but have poor potential for forming distal organ metastasis, due to sensitivity to their intrinsic apoptotic TGFβ signaling, as shown by high levels of metastatic colonies when TGFβ signaling was blocked in FETα-DN cells (Figure 1B).