CCL2 and influenza: It has been shown that the immunopathology associated with T-cell-mediated influenza clearance was abrogated in TNFR2−/− mice and that TNFR2 was not need for memTNF to activate MCP-1 activation, whereas both receptors were required for MCP-1 expression by solTNF in alveolar epithelial cells showing the complexity of sol/memTNF-mediated activities with receptors in different systems [27].