TNF and Arthritis: In contrast, Huang et al. [31] stated that the addition of ginseng extract in human lymphocyte cell cultures decreased the expression of TNF-α, and Kim et al. [32] showed that the addition of ginsenoside Rb1 to human peripheral mononuclear cell cultures decreased the expression of TNF-α and there was also a decrease in the expression of TNF-α when given orally to mice with arthritis.