PAX4 and diabetes mellitus: HNF1B-mutations result in a syndromic diabetes form (MODY5), which includes renal failure, genital and pancreatic malformations, and liver dysfunction [12], [13] According to the OMIM database, mutations in seven other genes (BLK, CEL, INS, KLF11, NEUROD1, PAX4, PDX1) can cause inherited diabetes with a MODY phenotype.