Similar oncogenic properties were observed in the neuroblastoma-associated ALK mutants K1062M and F1174L but not in wild-type ALK. These findings reveal two novel gain of function mutations of ALK in certain, undifferentiated anaplastic thyroid cancer and they suggest efforts to clinically evaluate the use of ALK kinase inhibitors to treat patients who harbor undifferentiated cancers with these mutations [101]. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is thyroid gland undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma.