To summarize, one-time application of Anakinra prior to myocardial reperfusion—in contrast to erythropoietin—leads to a decreased extent of experimental myocardial I/R injury and, therefore, may not only be considered as a treatment option after revascularization but instead may also be beneficial in the very early phase of acute myocardial infarction. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is acute myocardial infarction.