ACTA1 and diabetes mellitus: Although the percentages of α-SMA+ outgrowth SMPCs tended to be higher in diabetic patients with and without MVD (vs healthy controls, Fig. 5i), in diabetic patients with MVD (vs diabetes without MVD, Fig. 5j), and in non-diabetic patients with MVD (vs healthy controls, Fig. 5k), no significant differences were observed because of relatively large variations within the groups.