IFNG and tuberculosis: The key findings of our study were: (i) T-cell IFN-γ responses do not correlate with measures of bacterial load in TB patients at diagnosis including culture TTP, smear status and grade, Xpert MTB/RIF CT values, or the presence of cavities on the CXR and this occurred irrespective of HIV status; (ii) IFN-γ levels (whether in response to the RD1-specific antigens or PPD) do not change significantly after 2 or 6 months of anti-TB treatment, irrespective of culture conversion status.