In all subjects, as a whole circulating zonulin was significantly increased in obese (n = 33) versus non-obese (n = 90) subjects (12.5±4.6 vs. 9.3±5.1, p = 0.007) and in subjects with glucose intolerance (10.9±4.8 vs. 9.1±4.5, p = 0.03) (Table 1). Here, HP is linked to Glucose intolerance.